Prospective presenters are usually asked to submit a short abstract of their presentation, which
will be reviewed before the presentation is accepted for the meeting. Some disciplines require
presenters to submit a paper of about 6–15 pages, which is peer reviewed by members of the
program committee or referees chosen by them.

In some disciplines, such as English and other languages, it is common for presenters to read from
a prepared script. In other disciplines such as the sciences, presenters usually base their talk
around a visual presentation that displays key figures and research results.